Water Management and Irrigation Efficiency: Challenges and Opportunities in Indian Agriculture
Author : Dr. Arvind Kumar and Dr. Shubham Gupta
Abstract :
Water management and irrigation efficiency are critical to the sustainability of Indian agriculture, especially in the face of increasing water scarcity and climate change. This paper explores the challenges and opportunities in enhancing water use efficiency within the Indian agricultural sector. It examines the role of traditional irrigation systems, such as surface irrigation, and the emerging technological innovations, including micro-irrigation techniques like drip and sprinkler systems, along with advanced technologies like remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT)-based solutions. The paper discusses the potential of water harvesting practices and climate-smart agriculture to improve water availability and productivity. Despite progress in these areas, several barriers, such as inadequate infrastructure, financial constraints, and the need for farmer awareness, hinder the widespread adoption of efficient irrigation technologies. The paper also highlights government policies, funding mechanisms, and institutional frameworks that are essential to promote sustainable water management practices. With increased investment in research, infrastructure, and training, India can improve irrigation efficiency, conserve water resources, and enhance agricultural productivity. Ultimately, a multi-stakeholder approach, combining technological innovations and policy support, is required to address the water management challenges in Indian agriculture and pave the way for a more sustainable agricultural future.
Keywords :
Water management, irrigation efficiency, micro-irrigation, water conservation, AI in agriculture, climate-smart agriculture, IoT in irrigation, remote sensing, agricultural sustainability, India.
